Saturday, December 8, 2018

Matrices

$\def\D{\displaystyle}$
$\newcommand{\iixii}[4]{\left(\begin{array}{cc}#1&#2\\#3&#4\end{array}\right)}$
$\newcommand{\matrixa}[1]{\left(\begin{array}{cc}#1\end{array}\right)}$

1 (CIE 2012, s, paper 21, question 1)
(i) Given that $\D A= \iixii{4}{-3}{2}{5},$ find the inverse matrix $\D A^{-1}.$ [2]
(ii) Use your answer to part (i) to solve the simultaneous equations
$\D 4x - 3y = -10,$
$\D 2x + 5y = 21. [2]$

2 (CIE 2012, s, paper 22, question 4)
In a competition the contestants search for hidden targets which are classed as difficult, medium
or easy. In the first round, finding a difficult target scores 5 points, a medium target 3 points and
an easy target 1 point. The number of targets found by the two contestants, Claire and Denise, are
shown in the table.
Target  Difficult  Medium  Easy
Contestant
Claire                           4              1           7
Denise                         2              5            1

In the second round, finding a difficult target scores 8 points, a medium target 4 points and an
easy target 2 points. In the second round Claire finds 2 difficult, 5 medium and 2 easy targets
whilst Denise finds 4 difficult, 3 medium and 6 easy targets.
(i) Write down the sum of two matrix products which, on evaluation, would give the total score
for each contestant. [3]
(ii) Use matrix multiplication and addition to calculate the total score for each contestant. [2]

3 (CIE 2012, w, paper 12, question 2)
(i) Find the inverse of the matrix
$\D \iixii{2}{-1}{-1}{1.5}.$ [2]
(ii) Hence find the matrix A such that $\D \iixii{2}{-1}{-1}{1.5}A=\iixii{1}{6}{-0.5}{4}.$ [3]

4 (CIE 2012, w, paper 21, question 5)
It is given that $\D A=\matrixa{ 4& -2\\ 8& -3}, B = \matrixa{2& 0& 4\\ 5& -1& 4}$ and $\D C = \matrixa{5\\-2\\3}.$
(i) Calculate $\D ABC.$ [4]
(ii) Calculate $\D A^{-1} B.$ [4]

5 (CIE 2012, w, paper 23, question 2)
(i) Given that $\D A = \iixii{7}{8}{4}{6}$, find the inverse matrix, $\D A^{-1}.$ [2]
(ii) Use your answer to part (i) to solve the simultaneous equations
$\D 7x + 8y = 39,$
$\D 4x + 6y = 23.$ [2]

6 (CIE 2013, s, paper 11, question 6)
(i) Given that $\D A=\iixii{2}{-1}{3}{5}$, find $\D A^{-1}.$ [2]
(ii) Using your answer from part (i), or otherwise, find the values of $\D a, b, c$ and $\D d$ such that
$A\iixii{a}{b}{c}{-1}=\iixii{7}{5}{17}{d}.$ [5]

7 (CIE 2013, s, paper 12, question 8)
(a) Given that the matrix $\D A =\iixii{4}{2}{3}{-5},$
find
(i) $\D A^2,$ [2]
(ii) $\D 3A + 4I,$ where $\D I$ is the identity matrix. [2]
(b) Find the inverse matrix of $\D \iixii{6}{1}{-9}{3}.$
Hence solve the equations
$\D 6x+y=5$
$\D -9x+3y=\frac{3}{2}.$

8 (CIE 2013, w, paper 11, question 11)
(a) It is given that the matrix
$\D A=\iixii{2}{3}{4}{1}.$
(i) Find $\D A + 2I.$ [1]
(ii) Find $\D A^2.$ [2]
(iii) Using your answer to part (ii) find the matrix $\D B$ such that $\D A^2B = I.$ [2]
(b) Given that the matrix $\D C=\iixii{x}{-1}{x^2-x+1}{x-1},$
show that $\D \det C\not=0.$ [4]

9 (CIE 2013, w, paper 13, question 7)
It is given that $\D A=\iixii{2t}{2}{t^2-t+1}{t}.$
(i) Find the value of $\D t$ for which $\D \det A = 1.$ [3]
(ii) In the case when $\D t = 3,$ find $\D A^{-1}$ and hence solve
$\D 3x + y = 5,$
$\D 7x + 3y = 11.$ [5]

10 (CIE 2014, s, paper 11, question 6)
Matrices $\D A$ and $\D B$ are such that $\D A =\matrixa{-1&4\\7&6\\4&2}.$
and $\D B =\iixii{2}{1}{3}{5}.$
(i) Find $\D AB.$ [2]
(ii) Find $\D B^{-1} .$ [2]
$\D 4x+2y=-3$
$\D 6x+10y=-22.$ [3]

11 (CIE 2014, s, paper 12, question 6)
(a) Matrices $\D X, Y$ and $\D Z$ are such that $\D X=\iixii{2}{3}{1}{2}, Y=\matrixa{1&3\\4&5\\6&7}$ and $\D Z=\matrixa{1&2&3}.$
Write down all the matrix products which are possible using any two of these matrices. Do not
evaluate these products. [2]
(b) Matrices $\D A$ and $\D B$ are such that $\D A=\iixii{5}{-2}{-4}{1}$ and $\D AB= \iixii{3}{9}{-6}{-3}.$ Find the matrix $\D B.$ [5]

12 (CIE 2014, s, paper 23, question 3)
In a motor racing competition, the winning driver in each race scores 5 points, the second and third
placed drivers score 3 and 1 points respectively. Each team has two members. The results of the drivers in one team, over a number of races, are shown in the table below.
Driver              1st place            2nd place         3rd place
Alan                      3                        1                      4
Brian                     1                        4                      0
(i) Write down two matrices whose product under matrix multiplication will give the number of
points scored by each of the drivers. Hence calculate the number of points scored by Alan and by
Brian. [3]
(ii) The points scored by Alan and by Brian are added to give the number of points scored by the team. Using your answer to part (i), write down two matrices whose product would give the number of points scored by the team. [1]

13 (CIE 2014, w, paper 11, question 7)
Matrices $\D A$ and $\D B$ are such that $\D \iixii{3a}{2b}{-a}{b}$ and $\D B=\iixii{-a}{b}{2a}{2b},$ where $\D a$ and $\D b$ are non-zero constants.
(i) Find $\D A^{-1}.$  [2]
(ii) Using your answer to part (i), find the matrix $\D X$ such that $\D XA = B.$ [4]

14 (CIE 2014, w, paper 13, question 5)
(a) A drinks machine sells coffee, tea and cola. Coffee costs \$0.50, tea costs \$0.40 and cola costs